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Leineweber S, Reitz B, Overmeyer L, Sundermann L, Klie B, Giese U (2022). Additive Manufacturing and Vulcanization of Natural and Synthetic Rubbers. Logistics Journal : Proceedings, Vol. 2022. (urn:nbn:de:0009-14-55928)

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%0 Journal Article
%T Additive Manufacturing and Vulcanization of Natural and Synthetic Rubbers
%A Leineweber, Sebastian
%A Reitz, Birger
%A Overmeyer, Ludger
%A Sundermann, Lion
%A Klie, Benjamin
%A Giese, Ulrich
%J Logistics Journal : Proceedings
%D 2022
%V 2022
%N 18
%@ 2192-9084
%F leineweber2022
%X Additive manufacturing of thermoplastics and metals is a sustainable and established process in industry for the rapid production of individual technical components. For a long time, this technology was not accessible for the group of elastomers, or only to a limited extent in the form of thermoplastic elastomers or silicone rubbers. The development of the Additive Manufacturing of Elastomers (AME)-process has enabled the additive manufacturing of high viscosity rubbers. In future, additively manufactured rubber components may be used in technical logistics in particular. On the one hand, the supply of spare parts such as sealing and damping elements is possible, and on the other hand, the production of individual geometries for grippers in handling technology. For the additive manufacturing of rubber, an industrial 3D-printer was modified by a twin screw extruder, which can process rubber filament and deposit it on a printing plate in strand form, similar to the thermoplastic Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF)-process. The use of a screw extruder is necessary because the viscosity of the rubber does not decrease sufficiently with heating, making it impossible to guide the filament through conventional print heads for thermoplastic filaments. The AME-process is a two-step manufacturing process. First, the components are additively manufactured, followed by vulcanization in a high-pressure autoclave or heating oven. Single-part production is a particular challenge in this case, as the vulcanization time depends on the rubber compound and the component geometry. In order to avoid waste, it is therefore necessary to know the optimum vulcanization time before vulcanization. For this purpose, a simulation was developed and validated that outputs the degree of crosslinking in the component as a function of the vulcanization temperature and time.
%L 620
%K Additive Fertigung
%K Kautschuk
%K Vulkanisation
%K Wärmeübertragung
%K Zugversuche
%K additive manufacturing
%K heat transfer
%K rubber
%K tensile testing
%K vulcanization
%R 10.2195/lj_proc_leineweber_de_202211_01
%U http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0009-14-55928
%U http://dx.doi.org/10.2195/lj_proc_leineweber_de_202211_01
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Bibtex

@Article{leineweber2022,
  author = 	"Leineweber, Sebastian
		and Reitz, Birger
		and Overmeyer, Ludger
		and Sundermann, Lion
		and Klie, Benjamin
		and Giese, Ulrich",
  title = 	"Additive Manufacturing and Vulcanization of Natural and Synthetic Rubbers",
  journal = 	"Logistics Journal : Proceedings",
  year = 	"2022",
  volume = 	"2022",
  number = 	"18",
  keywords = 	"Additive Fertigung; Kautschuk; Vulkanisation; W{\"a}rme{\"u}bertragung; Zugversuche; additive manufacturing; heat transfer; rubber; tensile testing; vulcanization",
  abstract = 	"Additive manufacturing of thermoplastics and metals is a sustainable and established process in industry for the rapid production of individual technical components. For a long time, this technology was not accessible for the group of elastomers, or only to a limited extent in the form of thermoplastic elastomers or silicone rubbers. The development of the Additive Manufacturing of Elastomers (AME)-process has enabled the additive manufacturing of high viscosity rubbers. In future, additively manufactured rubber components may be used in technical logistics in particular. On the one hand, the supply of spare parts such as sealing and damping elements is possible, and on the other hand, the production of individual geometries for grippers in handling technology. For the additive manufacturing of rubber, an industrial 3D-printer was modified by a twin screw extruder, which can process rubber filament and deposit it on a printing plate in strand form, similar to the thermoplastic Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF)-process. The use of a screw extruder is necessary because the viscosity of the rubber does not decrease sufficiently with heating, making it impossible to guide the filament through conventional print heads for thermoplastic filaments. The AME-process is a two-step manufacturing process. First, the components are additively manufactured, followed by vulcanization in a high-pressure autoclave or heating oven. Single-part production is a particular challenge in this case, as the vulcanization time depends on the rubber compound and the component geometry. In order to avoid waste, it is therefore necessary to know the optimum vulcanization time before vulcanization. For this purpose, a simulation was developed and validated that outputs the degree of crosslinking in the component as a function of the vulcanization temperature and time.",
  issn = 	"2192-9084",
  doi = 	"10.2195/lj_proc_leineweber_de_202211_01",
  url = 	"http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0009-14-55928"
}
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RIS

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Leineweber, Sebastian
AU  - Reitz, Birger
AU  - Overmeyer, Ludger
AU  - Sundermann, Lion
AU  - Klie, Benjamin
AU  - Giese, Ulrich
PY  - 2022
DA  - 2022//
TI  - Additive Manufacturing and Vulcanization of Natural and Synthetic Rubbers
JO  - Logistics Journal : Proceedings
VL  - 2022
IS  - 18
KW  - Additive Fertigung
KW  - Kautschuk
KW  - Vulkanisation
KW  - Wärmeübertragung
KW  - Zugversuche
KW  - additive manufacturing
KW  - heat transfer
KW  - rubber
KW  - tensile testing
KW  - vulcanization
AB  - Additive manufacturing of thermoplastics and metals is a sustainable and established process in industry for the rapid production of individual technical components. For a long time, this technology was not accessible for the group of elastomers, or only to a limited extent in the form of thermoplastic elastomers or silicone rubbers. The development of the Additive Manufacturing of Elastomers (AME)-process has enabled the additive manufacturing of high viscosity rubbers. In future, additively manufactured rubber components may be used in technical logistics in particular. On the one hand, the supply of spare parts such as sealing and damping elements is possible, and on the other hand, the production of individual geometries for grippers in handling technology. For the additive manufacturing of rubber, an industrial 3D-printer was modified by a twin screw extruder, which can process rubber filament and deposit it on a printing plate in strand form, similar to the thermoplastic Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF)-process. The use of a screw extruder is necessary because the viscosity of the rubber does not decrease sufficiently with heating, making it impossible to guide the filament through conventional print heads for thermoplastic filaments. The AME-process is a two-step manufacturing process. First, the components are additively manufactured, followed by vulcanization in a high-pressure autoclave or heating oven. Single-part production is a particular challenge in this case, as the vulcanization time depends on the rubber compound and the component geometry. In order to avoid waste, it is therefore necessary to know the optimum vulcanization time before vulcanization. For this purpose, a simulation was developed and validated that outputs the degree of crosslinking in the component as a function of the vulcanization temperature and time.
SN  - 2192-9084
UR  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0009-14-55928
DO  - 10.2195/lj_proc_leineweber_de_202211_01
ID  - leineweber2022
ER  -
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Wordbib

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<b:Comments>Additive manufacturing of thermoplastics and metals is a sustainable and established process in industry for the rapid production of individual technical components. For a long time, this technology was not accessible for the group of elastomers, or only to a limited extent in the form of thermoplastic elastomers or silicone rubbers. The development of the Additive Manufacturing of Elastomers (AME)-process has enabled the additive manufacturing of high viscosity rubbers. In future, additively manufactured rubber components may be used in technical logistics in particular. On the one hand, the supply of spare parts such as sealing and damping elements is possible, and on the other hand, the production of individual geometries for grippers in handling technology. For the additive manufacturing of rubber, an industrial 3D-printer was modified by a twin screw extruder, which can process rubber filament and deposit it on a printing plate in strand form, similar to the thermoplastic Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF)-process. The use of a screw extruder is necessary because the viscosity of the rubber does not decrease sufficiently with heating, making it impossible to guide the filament through conventional print heads for thermoplastic filaments. The AME-process is a two-step manufacturing process. First, the components are additively manufactured, followed by vulcanization in a high-pressure autoclave or heating oven. Single-part production is a particular challenge in this case, as the vulcanization time depends on the rubber compound and the component geometry. In order to avoid waste, it is therefore necessary to know the optimum vulcanization time before vulcanization. For this purpose, a simulation was developed and validated that outputs the degree of crosslinking in the component as a function of the vulcanization temperature and time.</b:Comments>
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ISI

PT Journal
AU Leineweber, S
   Reitz, B
   Overmeyer, L
   Sundermann, L
   Klie, B
   Giese, U
TI Additive Manufacturing and Vulcanization of Natural and Synthetic Rubbers
SO Logistics Journal : Proceedings
PY 2022
VL 2022
IS 18
DI 10.2195/lj_proc_leineweber_de_202211_01
DE Additive Fertigung; Kautschuk; Vulkanisation; Wärmeübertragung; Zugversuche; additive manufacturing; heat transfer; rubber; tensile testing; vulcanization
AB Additive manufacturing of thermoplastics and metals is a sustainable and established process in industry for the rapid production of individual technical components. For a long time, this technology was not accessible for the group of elastomers, or only to a limited extent in the form of thermoplastic elastomers or silicone rubbers. The development of the Additive Manufacturing of Elastomers (AME)-process has enabled the additive manufacturing of high viscosity rubbers. In future, additively manufactured rubber components may be used in technical logistics in particular. On the one hand, the supply of spare parts such as sealing and damping elements is possible, and on the other hand, the production of individual geometries for grippers in handling technology. For the additive manufacturing of rubber, an industrial 3D-printer was modified by a twin screw extruder, which can process rubber filament and deposit it on a printing plate in strand form, similar to the thermoplastic Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF)-process. The use of a screw extruder is necessary because the viscosity of the rubber does not decrease sufficiently with heating, making it impossible to guide the filament through conventional print heads for thermoplastic filaments. The AME-process is a two-step manufacturing process. First, the components are additively manufactured, followed by vulcanization in a high-pressure autoclave or heating oven. Single-part production is a particular challenge in this case, as the vulcanization time depends on the rubber compound and the component geometry. In order to avoid waste, it is therefore necessary to know the optimum vulcanization time before vulcanization. For this purpose, a simulation was developed and validated that outputs the degree of crosslinking in the component as a function of the vulcanization temperature and time.
ER
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Mods

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  <titleInfo>
    <title>Additive Manufacturing and Vulcanization of Natural and Synthetic Rubbers</title>
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  <name type="personal">
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  <abstract>Additive manufacturing of thermoplastics and metals is a sustainable and established process in industry for the rapid production of individual technical components. For a long time, this technology was not accessible for the group of elastomers, or only to a limited extent in the form of thermoplastic elastomers or silicone rubbers. The development of the Additive Manufacturing of Elastomers (AME)-process has enabled the additive manufacturing of high viscosity rubbers. In future, additively manufactured rubber components may be used in technical logistics in particular. On the one hand, the supply of spare parts such as sealing and damping elements is possible, and on the other hand, the production of individual geometries for grippers in handling technology. For the additive manufacturing of rubber, an industrial 3D-printer was modified by a twin screw extruder, which can process rubber filament and deposit it on a printing plate in strand form, similar to the thermoplastic Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF)-process. The use of a screw extruder is necessary because the viscosity of the rubber does not decrease sufficiently with heating, making it impossible to guide the filament through conventional print heads for thermoplastic filaments. The AME-process is a two-step manufacturing process. First, the components are additively manufactured, followed by vulcanization in a high-pressure autoclave or heating oven. Single-part production is a particular challenge in this case, as the vulcanization time depends on the rubber compound and the component geometry. In order to avoid waste, it is therefore necessary to know the optimum vulcanization time before vulcanization. For this purpose, a simulation was developed and validated that outputs the degree of crosslinking in the component as a function of the vulcanization temperature and time.</abstract>
  <subject>
    <topic>Additive Fertigung</topic>
    <topic>Kautschuk</topic>
    <topic>Vulkanisation</topic>
    <topic>Wärmeübertragung</topic>
    <topic>Zugversuche</topic>
    <topic>additive manufacturing</topic>
    <topic>heat transfer</topic>
    <topic>rubber</topic>
    <topic>tensile testing</topic>
    <topic>vulcanization</topic>
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Full Metadata

Bibliographic Citation Logistics Journal : referierte Veröffentlichungen, Vol. 2022, Iss. 18
Title

Additive Manufacturing and Vulcanization of Natural and Synthetic Rubbers (eng)
Author Sebastian Leineweber, Birger Reitz, Ludger Overmeyer, Lion Sundermann, Benjamin Klie, Ulrich Giese
Language eng
Abstract Additive manufacturing of thermoplastics and metals is a sustainable and established process in industry for the rapid production of individual technical components. For a long time, this technology was not accessible for the group of elastomers, or only to a limited extent in the form of thermoplastic elastomers or silicone rubbers. The development of the Additive Manufacturing of Elastomers (AME)-process has enabled the additive manufacturing of high viscosity rubbers. In future, additively manufactured rubber components may be used in technical logistics in particular. On the one hand, the supply of spare parts such as sealing and damping elements is possible, and on the other hand, the production of individual geometries for grippers in handling technology. For the additive manufacturing of rubber, an industrial 3D-printer was modified by a twin screw extruder, which can process rubber filament and deposit it on a printing plate in strand form, similar to the thermoplastic Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF)-process. The use of a screw extruder is necessary because the viscosity of the rubber does not decrease sufficiently with heating, making it impossible to guide the filament through conventional print heads for thermoplastic filaments. The AME-process is a two-step manufacturing process. First, the components are additively manufactured, followed by vulcanization in a high-pressure autoclave or heating oven. Single-part production is a particular challenge in this case, as the vulcanization time depends on the rubber compound and the component geometry. In order to avoid waste, it is therefore necessary to know the optimum vulcanization time before vulcanization. For this purpose, a simulation was developed and validated that outputs the degree of crosslinking in the component as a function of the vulcanization temperature and time. Die additive Fertigung von Thermoplasten und Metallen ist ein nachhaltiges und in der Industrie zur schnellen Herstellung von individuellen technischen Bauteilen bewährtes Verfahren. Lange Zeit war diese Technologie für die Werkstoffgruppe der Elastomere nicht oder nur eingeschränkt in Form von Thermoplastischen Elastomeren oder Silikonkautschuken zugänglich. Durch die Entwicklung des Additive Manufacturing of Elastomers (AME)-Verfahrens ist nun auch die additive Fertigung von hochviskosen Kautschuken möglich. Besonders in der technischen Logistik können zukünftig additiv gefertigte Kautschukbauteile Einsatz finden. Einerseits ist die Bereitstellung von Ersatzteilen wie Dichtungs- und Dämpferelementen möglich, aber auch die Fertigung individueller Geometrien für Greifer in der Handhabungstechnik. Zur additiven Fertigung von Kautschuk wurde ein industrieller 3D-Drucker um einen Zweischneckenextruder erweitert, der Kautschukfilament verarbeiten und ähnlich zum thermoplastischen Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF)-Verfahren strangförmig auf eine Druckplatte auftragen kann. Der Einsatz eines Schneckenextruders ist notwendig, da die Viskosität des Kautschuks nicht ausreichend durch Erwärmung abnimmt und somit eine Führung des Filaments durch konventionelle Druckköpfe für thermoplastische Filamente nicht möglich ist. Das AME-Verfahren ist ein zweistufiges Fertigungsverfahren. Zuerst werden die Bauteile additiv gefertigt, anschließend folgt die Vulkanisation in einem Hochdruckautoklav oder Wärmeschrank. Hierbei ist besonders die Einzelteilfertigung eine Herausforderung, da die Vulkanisationszeit abhängig von der Kautschukmischung und der Bauteilgeometrie ist. Um keinen Ausschuss zu produzieren ist es daher notwendig die optimale Vulkanisationszeit vor der Vulkanisation zu kennen. Hierfür wurde eine Simulation, die den Vernetzungsgrad im Bauteil in Abhängigkeit von der Vulkanisationstemperatur und -zeit ausgibt, entwickelt und validiert.
Subject Additive Fertigung, Kautschuk, Vulkanisation, Wärmeübertragung, Zugversuche, additive manufacturing, heat transfer, rubber, tensile testing, vulcanization
DDC 620
Rights fDPPL
URN: urn:nbn:de:0009-14-55928
DOI https://doi.org/10.2195/lj_proc_leineweber_de_202211_01